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Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis – Causes and Evaluation

Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis occurs as a reaction to other ailments, diseases, or drugs. There is no known or single defined cause of acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis. Malignant tumors as present in acute myeloid leukemia causes Sweet’s syndrome.

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Causes and Evaluation of Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis

New York (USA), June 22, 2013

Causes of Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis

There is no known or single defined cause of acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis. Potential causes include:

Hematopoietic Malignancy: Malignant tumors or as present in acute myeloid leukemia causes Sweet’s syndrome. Solid tumors occurring in gastrointestinal tract, breast, and genitourinary are responsible for Sweet’s syndrome.

Hematologic Malignancy: Myelodysplasia and chronic myelogenous leukemia are responsible for occurrence of acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis.

Non-Myeloid Hematologic Malignancies: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and hairy cell leukemia often lead to acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis.

Non-Hematologic Malignancy: In rare cases, ovarian cancer, tonsil cancer, thyroid cancer, oral cancer, cervical and rectal carcinoma, lung cancer lead to Sweet’s syndrome.

Inflammatory Diseases: Certain diseases like ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, Mediterranean fever, Sjögren syndrome, Behçet disease, and Crohn disease are responsible for Sweet’s syndrome.

Infections: Different bacterial infections of upper respiratory tract cause Sweet’s syndrome. Common infections include streptococcal pneumonia, tuberculosis mycobacterium, helicobacter pylori, mycobacterium chelonae, and others. Viral diseases like hepatitis A, HIV, and hepatitis B also cause Sweet’s syndrome.

Others: In rare occurrences, Sweet’s syndrome occurs during pregnancy, systemic lupus erythematosus, spinal surgery, relapsing polychondritis, and during kidney or bone marrow transplantations.

Evaluation of Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis

Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis occurs as a reaction to other ailments, diseases, or drugs. It is common to develop fever before occurrence of acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis. In most cases, fever starts few days or weeks before eruptions appear. Nonetheless, fever could also occur simultaneously. Sometimes tonsillitis or flu precedes eruptions. In others, lesions appear as a reaction to gastrointestinal tract infection or vaccination. Nodules and plaques appear suddenly and remain in same state for weeks or even months.

Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis is often a prelude to certain serious ailments like inflammatory bowel disease, streptococcal infection, and non-lymphocytic leukemia. These skin lesions could appear as early as six years before you are diagnosed of such ailments. It is common to suffer recurrent headaches. Sudden withdrawal of drugs or abrupt stopping of treatment with corticosteroids could at times trigger onslaught of skin lesions.

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